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Urban Eyes. Deutschsprachige Fotograf:innen im New Yorker Exil in den 1930er und 1940er Jahren
(2023)
New York: Faszinosum – Freiheit – Vielfältigkeit – Überwältigung – Chaos – Orientierungslosigkeit. So in etwa erging es in den 1930er und 1940er Jahren auch jenen deutschsprachigen Fotograf:innen, die sich nach der Passage in die Emigration auf den Straßen in der US-amerikanischen Metropole wiederfanden. Die Großstadt war einigen von ihnen durch Medien der Weimarer Republik bekannt. Ihre Ankunft fand jedoch nicht im Kontext einer Reise statt, in der Sightseeing an erster Stelle stand.
Few of Hannah Arendt’s declarations have had as enduringly a controversial legacy as the one she gave in her famous 1964 West German television conversation with Günter Gaus, proclaiming uncompromised loyalty to her first language – German – despite Hitler. The statement was misconstrued as a privileging of the language of the perpetrators and expressing a bias against Eastern European Jews. In conversation with the recent ›Taytsh turn‹ (Saul Zaritt) in Yiddish Studies, this article focuses instead on two Yiddish newspaper articles published by Arendt in 1942 and 1944 and explores what I call a ›Taytsh move‹ in Arendtʼs language politics. Taytsh, an alternative name for the Yiddish language meaning, literally, German, foregrounds (Jewish) cultures’ inherent translational mode and interconnectivity with the world that makes and sustains these cultures. Arendt reactivated the inherent unbordered nature of languages – with an awareness of the dangers of monolingualism; for the sake of overcoming reductive constructions of Jewishness and modern identity; against the atomizing forces of fascism.