Public History
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Mein Ziel in diesem Essay ist es, die lokale Perspektive zu nutzen, um über die Begriffe »Ostalgie« und »Nostalgie« hinauszugehen. Der genauere Blick auf lokale Räume und Praktiken bietet die Möglichkeit, Erinnerungen, die gemeinhin als Nostalgie qualifiziert werden, als Teil einer schon länger bestehenden örtlichen Erinnerungskultur zu verstehen. Wie das Beispiel des sächsischen Dorfes Neukirch zeigt – vor und nach 1989/90 –, war eine ambivalente Auseinandersetzung mit der Geschichte des Ortes ein Mittel, um die Stärke der Gemeinschaft zu beschwören. Entgegen der in Wissenschaft und Öffentlichkeit präsenten Überzeugung erscheint Nostalgie hier nicht als eine Flucht in die Vergangenheit, sondern als ein aktives Auseinandersetzen mit der Geschichte und ihren Auswirkungen in der Gegenwart.
The article traces the collective term “living history” in its various definitions, forms and manifestations, offering an overview of this widespread phenomenon. It will consider developments in the United States and Europe, as well as taking a look at historical precursors of present-day forms. Whereas living history in the Anglo-American world has long been a well-established part of the educational and cultural work of museums, in Germany there is still a great deal of skepticism towards this form of historical representation. Finally, it asks how the fields of history and cultural studies might best engage with living history and which theoretical approaches exist for investigating and analyzing living history.
For centuries, nostalgia denoted homesickness, but current dictionary definitions indicate that these two concepts have parted ways and acquired discrete meanings. However, it is one thing to demonstrate that contemporary definitions of nostalgia and homesickness are distinct; it is another to show that the way people think about nostalgia and its characteristics corresponds to this lexicographic knowledge. In 2012, Erica G. Hepper and colleagues therefore asked laypeople to identify which features they considered most characteristic of the construct ›nostalgia‹ and found that respondents conceptualised nostalgia as a predominantly positive, social, and past-oriented emotion. In nostalgic reverie, one brings to mind a fond and personally meaningful event, often involving one’s childhood. The person tends to see the event through rose-coloured glasses and may even long to return to the past. As a result, he or she feels sentimental, typically happy but with a hint of sadness.