1/2006 Imperien im 20. Jahrhundert
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Zwischen Historisierung und Globalisierung: Titel, Themen und Trends der neueren Empire-Forschung
(2011)
The following article examines recent publications on empires and imperial history in world history, covering general overviews, comparative studies and monographs on individual cases. As a preliminary result of a general expansion of empire-studies – diachronically, with regard to different historical spaces and thematically – the authors identify a danger of inflating the concept and thereby weakening its analytical strength. Furthermore, a growing gulf between macro-perspectives and panoramas on the one hand and mikro-analyses on the other makes it difficult to achieve a suitable framework for precise research on empires. The article therefore argues in favour of a meso level, as the comparative view on the complex relation between empires and nation-states in the nineteenth and twentieth century can illustrate.
The semantics of the term "empire" is overloaded with superlatives and loud epithets. The concept of empire is so universal and all-encompassing that it appears to have no particular meaning at all. Indeed, empire embodies the grim totality of unlimited domination and coercion; at the same time, it turns out to be a synonym for the clumsy neologism of "world-system" (or "world civilization") and evokes a unifying principle for a universe surrounded by the destructive elements of chaos and barbarism.