3/2006 Die 1970er-Jahre – Inventur einer Umbruchzeit
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Towards Another Concept of the State: Historiography of the 1970s in the USA and Western Europe
(2011)
After years of neglect, the 1970s have recently entered the array of academic interest. In the USA and in Western Europe a growing number of historians are finally pulling the decade out of the shadows of the 1960s and the 1980s. As can be expected in such an early phase of academic exploration, there is still littel that ties all publications about the Seventies together.
In both the US and West-Germany, the history of the 1970s is perceived as a time of economic and cultural crises. More recent publications in both countries concentrate on political protest and reform movements. American studies, however, choose a wider focus, that could be inspiring for future German studies, through amplifying the crisis narrative with the everyday developments of the 1970s, ranging from new forms of consumption to tourism and mass sports. Moreover, successful movies and TV series were analysed to develop fundamental interpretations for the history of societies. Quite often, American publications succeed in connecting classical governmental policy with social history whereas German works tend to centre on either one of these aspects.
Quelle: Verlag
Die 1970er Jahre werden in der deutschen Zeitgeschichtsschreibung zumeist als Bruch- und/oder Transformationsphase wahrgenommen. Vom Ende der Zuversicht ist die Rede, von der großen Ernüchterung, vom Ende einer Art goldenem Zeitalter, den Trente Glorieuses des Wiederauf baus nach 1945. Das ist, alles in allem genommen, nicht falsch, lief doch spätestens in den 1970er Jahren die Phase der Nachkriegsrekonstruktion in Westeuropa aus. Auch gerieten zahl reiche der Institutionen der Nachkriegszeit aus einer Vielzahl von Gründen unter Änderungs- oder Anpassungsdruck. Das gilt für die Währungsordnung ebenso wie für die abgeschottete Welt der Kapital- und Finanzmärkte, von denen zumindest in einem internationalen Sinn zuvor im strengen Sinne nicht die Rede sein konnte. Überdies lief eine technische Ära langsam aus, die zumindest vordergründig das Bild der Zeit des Wirtschaftswunders maßgeblich geprägt hatte: Das fordistische Zeitalter kam an sein Ende und eröffnete damit zugleich eine Phase des intensiven Strukturwandels, in dem die alte proletarische Welt der industriellen Massenarbeit langsam und stetig an Bedeutung verlor.
Over the last few years the 1970s have come into the focus of historians in Britain, France and Germany. The recent historiographical debates on the decade largely remain anchored in national contexts however. A comparative analysis of French and British narratives about the 1970s shows the degree to which historical inter-
pretations of the decade remain shaped by contemporary perceptions, political strategies and historiographical traditions. This article argues that we need a real transnational historical dialogue in order to question and deconstruct the implicit assumptions which shape our interpretations of the decade.