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“I am going out” was the last message sent by Raman Bandarenka to a Telegram chat uniting people from his neighbourhood in Minsk. In the evening of November12th, he went down to his courtyard, known by protesters as the Square of Changes. The Square of Changes appeared in Minsk in the beginning of September 2020 to support initiatives of a local community in times of political contestation. Raman went down to protect a fence decoration made from white-red-white ribbons that became a target for a group of unknown men in masks and sportive clothing. To watch over protest symbols installed in their Square of Changes became a routine action for the locals. Their neighbour, Stsiapan Latypau, was detained in September in somewhat similar circumstances: he was asking men in masks to introduce themselves and to explain their reason for destroying a graffiti, a symbol of the Square of Changes. This time, Raman was beaten up in the same courtyard, then put in a blue van, and taken to the police station. The next day he died in a hospital from the received traumas. All elements of this story – anonymous men in civic clothing who seem to have the carte blanche to brutal violence, blue vans without a registration number, write-red-white ribbons, alternative names to cities’ places, and local chats – are the symbols of the ongoing Belarusian protests.
In diesem Essay werden zunächst die Entwicklung der Corona-Pandemie in Belarus und der „belarusische Sonderweg“ beleuchtet. Anschließend werden die Rezeption und Auswirkungen des „Sonderweges“ sowie dessen Einfluss auf die Protestbewegung gegen Lukaschenka untersucht. Die Analyse beruht in erster Linie auf offiziellen Mitteilungen des Gesundheitsministeriums der Republik Belarus, Pressepublikationen belarusischer und ausländischer Provenienz und veröffentlichten Zeitzeugenberichten, ebenso auf mündlichen und schriftlichen qualitativen Interviews, die der Verfasser mit insgesamt 24 Männern und Frauen unterschiedlichen Alters (22 bis 75 Jahren) und sozialen Hintergrundes (Studenten, Hochschuldozenten, Mediziner, Rentner etc.) aus Minsk und aus der Provinz im Oktober und November 2020 durchgeführt hat.