3/2017 Mobilität und Umwelt
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«Selbstmorde im Auto durch die Einteilung von Abgasen in den Innenraum gibt es heule kaum mehr. Die Abgase der heutigen Autos sind einfach zu sauber dazu.» Diese Aussage eines höheren Beamten des deutschen Umweltbundesamtes am Rande eines Kongresses zum «Auto der Zukunft» illustriert gerade durch ihren Sarkasmus zwei charakteristische Züge moderner Luftreinhaltepolitik: Einerseits weist sie auf die enormen Fortschritte in diesem Politikfeld hin, andererseits zeigt sie implizit auf, wie emotional aufgeladen in den letzten Jahren die Frage der Abgasentgiftung bei Autos diskutiert worden ist.
This article explores the variability and the limits of the political in regard to cyclists‘ unions in Germany and the Netherlands between 1900 and 1940. In both countries, cyclists formed national consumer organizations, mixing consumer demands with social and even political im-plications. The Dutch Cyclists‘ Union managed to establish herself as an eminent political actor and „system builder“ with lasting impact on traffic legislation and road construction. While liber-als were loosing the political majority in Dutch parliament, the Cyclists‘ Union became a strong-hold of Dutch liberalism outside the narrow confines of the old institutionalized political arena. In contrast, German cyclists‘ dreams of opening up social elites and fostering social and political change through the bicycle were shattered. The bicycle, which had started off as a luxury good in the 1890s and had become a common means of transport by the 1920s, was more suitable for political communications „from top to bottom“. Old liberal elites in the Netherlands were quite successful in making use of this consumer object in order to reformulate their existing claims to power and create new realms of the political. A transformation of social and political conditions, „from the bottom up“, as it was hoped for by part of the German cyclists‘ movement, however, turned out to be utopian.