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Soundscape Stammheim
(2010)
Die Rote Armee Fraktion (RAF) markiert nicht nur in visueller, sondern auch in akustischer Hinsicht ein herausragendes Phänomen der westdeutschen Nachkriegsgeschichte. So war eine der ersten Stellungnahmen, die nach der Befreiung Andreas Baaders im Mai 1970 veröffentlicht wurde, eine Tonbandaufzeichnung Ulrike Meinhofs. Die Journalistin Michèle Ray hatte sie nach Abschluss ihres Interviews dem „Spiegel“ überlassen. Damit konnten die Aussagen Meinhofs zum Aufbau der Roten Armee nicht nur als Text, sondern auch als Ton der Nachwelt erhalten bleiben.
Is popular music a tool of consumer capitalist recuperation or can it be a weapon of revolutionary change? The career of the radical rock band Ton Steine Scherben, founded in West Berlin in 1970, suggests that at certain moments, radical music and radical politics can be mutually constitutive. The band’s history provides a richer understanding of the radical left-wing scene in West Berlin at a key moment of transition from the student movement of the 1960s to the anarchist and terrorist scenes of the 1970s, illustrating how an analysis of popular music in its social and cultural setting can broaden historical analysis.
In the aftermath of World War II, the political and geographical isolation of the Western parts of the former German capital also cut economic hinterland ties and caused an exodus of industrial companies. In consequence, West Berlin soon became dependent on West German transfer payments to balance the city’s budget. At the same time, a system of tax preferences was created to foster private investment and employment in the isolated city. The complex of subsidies was maintained and even expanded during the following decades though its negative economic effects became obvious in the second half of the 1960s. The article focuses the conceptual significance of subsidies in industrial policy as well as their factual impact on Berlin’s economic development from the early 1960s to the late 1980s, i.e. in a period of massive structural change. It comes to the conclusion that the persistence of subsidization should be explained primarily by its symbolic political value and by a lack of alternatives.